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"Hungarian prehistory" refers to knowledge about the Hungarian people prior to historic records, that begin with the Magyars' occupation and settlement of the Pannonian plain around 890 AD. more...
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Hungarian prehistory includes the wanderings of such disparate steppe nomads as the Scythians, Sarmatians, Huns, Avars, Iazyges, Pechenegs, Cumanians, and others, all of whom may have contributed to the ethnogenesis of the Hungarians.
In modern theories, politico-ideological assumptions have given way to research in physiology (BG, marker and mitocondrial DNA) and sociology, as well as philology and a renewed attention paid to classical sources.
The Hungarian Nation
The Hungarians arrived here from afar, multiplying up to around 15 million, and preserving their own language, culture and physical traits.
In searching for the ethnic origins of Hungarians, one must look for some other people -- whether past or present -- with the same, or similar psychology, music, dance, faith, folklore, poetry, writing system, cuisine, flora, fauna, and language.
These comparisons, aside from relying strictly on classical written sources, may be performed using the disciplines of anthropology, music, dance, theology, poetry, typology, ethnology, gastronomy, botany, zoology, and linguistics. There is no need for guesswork outside of these precise sciences. If these methods fail in the attempt to clearly identify the group or groups with the strongest affinities to Hungarians, then the most scientific statement one could hope for would be the somewhat resigned phrase: "It is impossible to say."
Hungary has one of the most prominent non Indo-European populations of Europe. Its origins cannot be sought in Europe, as its physical, cultural and linguistic roots are distinctly non-European in nature.
Hungarian chronicles and traditions trace the beginnings of their national identity to a series of tribes from Central Asia who settled the Carpathian basin in several 'waves'; these include the Huns who were first invited by the Romans in 361 AD, and opposed them a century later and from whom the modern Székelys claim descent -- then two waves of Avars in 586 AD and Magyars (the nation of Árpád) settling in 895-96 AD, then Iazyges settling in 1235 AD and Cumanians in 1243 and 1246 AD.
Being the largest in number (about 500,000 people), the nation of Árpád is usually taken as the origin of modern Hungary. The related peoples who entered the Carpathian Basin before 890 are called "ancient Hungarians". In addition, surviving native populations who occupied the region beforehand (from the Neolithic, copper, bronze and iron ages, to the Scythians, Sarmatians, Romans and tribal migrations), and various peoples who settled later on (Saxons, Swabians, Slovaks, Ukrainians, Serbs, Croatians, etc.), have been assimilated into today's Hungarians.
Read more at Wikipedia.org
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