Systems

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System (from the Latin (systēma), and this from the Greek σύστημα (sustēma)) is an assemblage of entity/objects, real or abstract, comprising a whole with each and every component/element interacting with or related to at least one other component/element. Any object which has no relationship with any other element of the system, is not a component of that system. A subsystem is then a set of elements, which is a system itself, and a part of the whole system.

Every division or aggregation of real objects/entities into systems is arbitrary, therefore it is a subjective abstract concept.

The scientific research field which is engaged in the transdisciplinary study of universal system-based properties of the World is the General System Theory/Systems science and recently Systemics, it investigates the abstract properties of the matter and mind, their organization, searching concepts and principles which are independent on the specific domain, independent of their substance, type, or spatial or temporal scales of existence.

According to the TOGA meta-theory, (A.M. Gadomski,1993), an essential aspect of every system-based theory or engineering is its set of axiomatic assumptions (explicit or implicit) which lead to such unification concepts as: meta-ontology, meta-systems and meta-theories. They depend on the universal properties of systems of systems and are the domain of the practical interest and continuous research.

Types of systems

Systems in information and computer science

In computer science and information science, system could also be a method or an algorithm. Again, an example will illustrate: There are systems of counting, as with Roman numerals, and various systems for filing papers, or catalogues, and various library systems, of which the Dewey Decimal System is an example. This still fits with the definition of components which are connected together (in this case in order to facilitate the flow of information).

System can also be used referring to a framework, be it software or hardware, designed to allow software programs to run, see platform.

Systems in engineering

In engineering, concept system is usually well defined. It is used in numerous different concrete contexts, and it is the subject of the basic engineering activities, such as: planning, design, implementation, building and maintaining. Systems engineering is also a generalized theoretical branch of the different engineering approaches and paradigms.

Read more at Wikipedia.org